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1.
J. bras. pneumol ; 41(3): 275-280, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751965

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease that is currently considered a low-grade neoplasm with metastatic potential and variable progression. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as sirolimus and everolimus, have recently become a treatment option for LAM patients, especially those with extrapulmonary manifestations. The objective of the present study was to describe a case series of four patients with LAM in Brazil who showed significant improvement, particularly in their extrapulmonary manifestations, after treatment with sirolimus (at 1-4 mg/day). METHODS: We describe four cases of LAM patients with different extrapulmonary manifestations who were treated with sirolimus. RESULTS: After treatment with sirolimus for 12 months, one patient presented resolution of severe chylothorax; one had a significant reduction in renal angiomyolipoma volume; and one showed significant regression of retroperitoneal lymphangioleiomyomas and abdominal lymph node enlargement. After treatment with sirolimus for 6 months, the remaining patient had a significant reduction in the volume of a massive retroperitoneal lymphangioleiomyoma. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that mTOR inhibitors are beneficial for patients with LAM, especially those with extrapulmonary manifestations, such as renal angiomyolipoma, lymphangioleiomyomas, and chylous effusions. However, certain aspects, such as the optimal dose, duration of treatment, and long-term adverse effects, have yet to be sufficiently clarified for mTOR inhibitors to be incorporated into LAM management protocols. .


OBJETIVO: A linfangioleiomiomatose (LAM) é uma doença rara que é atualmente considerada uma neoplasia de baixo grau com potencial metastático e evolução variável. Os inibidores de mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), como o sirolimo e o everolimo, recentemente se tornaram uma opção para o tratamento de pacientes com LAM, especialmente daqueles com manifestações extrapulmonares. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever quatro casos de pacientes com LAM no Brasil que apresentaram melhora, especialmente das manifestações extrapulmonares, após tratamento com sirolimo (em doses de 1-4 mg/dia). MÉTODOS: Descrevemos quatro casos de pacientes com LAM e diferentes manifestações extrapulmonares tratados com sirolimo. RESULTADOS: Após o tratamento com sirolimo por 12 meses, um paciente apresentou resolução do quilotórax de difícil manejo, um paciente teve redução significativa do volume do angiomiolipoma renal, e uma paciente apresentou regressão importante de linfangioleiomiomas retroperitoneais e linfonodomegalias abdominais. Após tratamento com sirolimo por 6 meses, um paciente apresentou redução significativa de volumoso linfangioleiomioma retroperitoneal. CONCLUSÕES: Nossos achados confirmam que os inibidores de mTOR são benéficos para pacientes com LAM, especialmente para aqueles com manifestações extrapulmonares, tais como angiomiolipomas renais, linfangioleiomiomas e derrames de origem quilosa. Entretanto, alguns pontos, tais como a dose ideal, a duração do tratamento e os efeitos adversos em longo prazo, ainda precisam ser esclarecidos para que os inibidores de mTOR possam ser incorporados na abordagem da LAM. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Sirolimus/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.
J. bras. pneumol ; 39(1): 5-15, jan.-fev. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-668051

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o bloqueio da metaloproteinase da matriz (MMP)-2 e da MMP-9 e a variação do VEF1 em pacientes com linfangioleiomiomatose (LAM) após o uso de doxiciclina, um conhecido inibidor de MMP, durante 12 meses. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico aberto de braço único no qual as pacientes com diagnóstico de LAM receberam doxiciclina (100 mg/dia) durante 12 meses. Elas foram submetidas a prova de função pulmonar completa, teste de caminhada de seis minutos, avaliação da qualidade de vida e coleta de amostras séricas e urinárias para dosagem de MMP-2, MMP-9 e VEGF-D antes do início do tratamento com doxiciclina e após 6 e 12 meses de tratamento. RESULTADOS: Trinta e uma pacientes com LAM receberam doxiciclina durante 12 meses. Embora tenha havido um bloqueio efetivo da MMP-9 urinária e da MMP-2 sérica após o tratamento, os níveis séricos de MMP-9 e VEGF-D permaneceram estáveis. Com base na resposta à doxiciclina (determinada pela variação do VEF1), as pacientes foram divididas em dois grupos: respondedoras (doxi-R; n = 13) e não respondedoras (doxi-NR; n = 18). As pacientes com alterações espirométricas leves apresentaram melhor resposta à doxiciclina. Os efeitos colaterais mais comuns foram epigastralgia, náusea e diarreia, todos de leve intensidade. CONCLUSÕES: Em pacientes com LAM, o tratamento com doxiciclina resulta em um bloqueio eficaz das MMP, além de melhorar a função pulmonar e a qualidade de vida daqueles com doença menos grave. No entanto, esses benefícios não parecem estar relacionados ao bloqueio das MMP, o que sugere um mecanismo de ação diferente. (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos - ReBEC; número de identificação RBR-6g8yz9 [http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br]).


OBJECTIVE: To assess blockade of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, as well as the variation in FEV1, in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) treated with doxycycline (a known MMP inhibitor) for 12 months. METHODS: An open-label, single-arm, interventional clinical trial in which LAM patients received doxycycline (100 mg/day) for 12 months. Patients underwent full pulmonary function testing, a six-minute walk test, and quality of life assessment, as well as blood and urine sampling for quantification of MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF-D levels-at baseline, as well as at 6 and 12 months after the initiation of doxycycline. RESULTS: Thirty-one LAM patients received doxycycline for 12 months. Although there was effective blockade of urinary MMP-9 and serum MMP-2 after treatment, there were no significant differences between pre- and post-doxycycline serum levels of MMP-9 and VEGF-D. On the basis of their response to doxycycline (as determined by the variation in FEV1), the patients were divided into two groups: the doxycycline-responder (doxy-R) group (n = 13); and the doxycycline-nonresponder (doxy-NR) group (n = 18). The patients with mild spirometric abnormalities responded better to doxycycline. The most common side effects were mild epigastric pain, nausea, and diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with LAM, doxycycline treatment results in effective MMP blockade, as well as in improved lung function and quality of life in those with less severe disease. However, these benefits do not seem to be related to the MMP blockade, raising the hypothesis that there is a different mechanism of action. (Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - ReBEC; identification number RBR-6g8yz9 [http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br]).


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , /metabolism , Vital Capacity/drug effects , Biomarkers/blood , Biomarkers/urine , Doxycycline/adverse effects , Exercise Test , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Quality of Life , ROC Curve , Statistics, Nonparametric , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism , Walking
3.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-157402

ABSTRACT

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a progressive disease affecting women of childbearing age. It is microscopically characterized by abnormal smooth muscle proliferation in the walls of lymphatics and lymph nodes. A 52-year old female presented with pain in left leg and bilateral pedal oedema. USG and CT abdomen revealed a retroperitoneal cystic mass suspicious of malignancy. Retroperitoneal exploration was done and the mass was excised which revealed milky contents within. On gross examination of the specimen, a spongy mass was noted . Histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. LAM is a rare disease unfamiliar to many physicians and may pose a diagnostic dilemma to the physician, possibly resulting in delayed or missed diagnosis . Many treatment modalities including corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs, chemotherapy, radiation and hormonal therapy are suggested. The prognosis of LAM varies with the individual, but many patients respond well to intramuscular medroxyprogesterone injections.


Subject(s)
Cell Proliferation , Diagnostic Errors , Female , Humans , Leg/pathology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/complications , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/diagnosis , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/pathology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/radiotherapy , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/therapy , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology , Retroperitoneal Space
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 37(4): 424-430, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-597193

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: A linfangioleiomiomatose (LAM) é caracterizada pela presença de cistos pulmonares, cuja formação está associada à hiperreatividade de metaloproteinases de matriz (MMP), principalmente MMP-2 e MMP-9. Objetivamos comparar os níveis dessas MMPs entre pacientes com LAM e controles saudáveis, assim como avaliar, nas pacientes com LAM, a segurança e a eficácia do tratamento com doxiciclina, um potente inibidor de MMPs. MÉTODOS: Estudo clínico prospectivo no qual as pacientes com LAM receberam doxiciclina (100 mg/dia) por seis meses, coletando-se amostras de urina e sangue para a dosagem de MMP-2 e MMP-9 antes e ao final do período. Foram ainda obtidas amostras de 10 mulheres saudáveis. RESULTADOS: De 41 pacientes com LAM que iniciaram o tratamento, 34 concluíram o protocolo. Os níveis de MMP-9 sérica e urinária foram significativamente inferiores no grupo controle (p < 0,0001). Comparando-se os valores antes e após o tratamento, a mediana do nível sérico da MMP-9 reduziu de 919 ng/mL para 871 ng/mL (p = 0,05), enquanto a mediana da dosagem urinária de MMP-9 diminui de 11.558 pg/mL para 7.315 pg/mL (p = 0,10). A mediana da MMP-2 sérica apresentou um decréscimo significativo após o tratamento (p = 0,04). Não foram detectados níveis de MMP-2 urinária. Epigastralgia, náuseas e diarreia foram os efeitos adversos mais prevalentes, e geralmente autolimitados. Apenas 1 paciente interrompeu o tratamento devido a efeitos colaterais. CONCLUSÕES: Pela primeira vez, conseguiu-se evidenciar em pacientes com LAM a redução dos níveis séricos e urinários de MMPs após o uso de doxiciclina, que se mostrou uma medicação segura, com efeitos colaterais leves e toleráveis.


OBJECTIVE: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is characterized by lung cysts, whose development is associated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) hyperactivity, principally that of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Our objective was to compare LAM patients and controls in terms of the levels of these MMPs, as well as to determine the safety and efficacy of treatment with doxycycline, a potent MMP inhibitor. METHODS: Prospective clinical study involving female LAM patients who received doxycycline (100 mg/day) for six months. Urine and blood samples were collected for the quantification of MMP-2 and MMP-9 before and after the treatment period. Samples from 10 healthy women were also collected. RESULTS:Of the 41 LAM patients who started the treatment, 34 completed the protocol. Serum and urinary MMP-9 levels were significantly lower in the controls than in the LAM patients (p < 0.0001). Comparing pre- and post-treatment values, we found that the median level of MMP-9 in serum decreased from 919 ng/mL to 871 ng/mL (p = 0.05), whereas that of MMP-9 in urine decreased from 11,558 pg/mL to 7,315 pg/mL (p = 0.10). After treatment, the median level of MMP-2 in serum was significantly lower (p = 0.04) and urinary MMP-2 levels were undetectable. Nausea, diarrhea, and epigastric pain were the most prevalent adverse affects and were often self-limiting. There was only one case in which the patient discontinued the treatment because of side effects. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated, for the first time, a decrease in serum and urine levels of MMPs in LAM patients treated with doxycycline, which proved to be a safe medication, with mild and well-tolerated side effects.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Matrix Metalloproteinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Case-Control Studies , Doxycycline/pharmacology , Lung Neoplasms/blood , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/blood , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/pathology , Matrix Metalloproteinases/blood , Matrix Metalloproteinases/urine , Prospective Studies , Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use
7.
J. bras. pneumol ; 37(3): 375-379, maio-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-592668

ABSTRACT

Nas células musculares lisas atípicas características da linfangioleiomiomatose (LAM) encontram-se receptores de estrogênio e progesterona, de modo que o tratamento anti-hormonal pode ser considerado uma opção, mas ainda com resultados controversos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar retrospectivamente parâmetros hormonais e espirométricos em nove mulheres com LAM após o tratamento com goserelina por um ano. Houve um aumento médio de 80 mL e 130 mL, respectivamente, em VEF1 e CVF, assim como bloqueio hormonal efetivo. Ainda não se pode excluir um potencial efeito favorável da utilização de análogos de hormônio liberador de gonadotrofina em pacientes com LAM, reforçando a necessidade de ensaios randomizados.


In the atypical smooth muscle cells that are characteristic of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), there are estrogen and progesterone receptors. Therefore, anti-hormonal therapy, despite having produced controversial results, can be considered a treatment option. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate hormonal and spirometric data for nine women with LAM after one year of treatment with goserelin. The mean increase in FEV1 and FVC was 80 mL and 130 mL, respectively. There was effective blockage of the hormonal axis. It is still not possible to exclude a potential beneficial effect of the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues in LAM patients, which underscores the need for randomized trials.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Goserelin/therapeutic use , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/physiopathology , Vital Capacity/drug effects , Hormones/metabolism , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric
9.
J. bras. pneumol ; 33(2): 229-233, mar.-abr. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-459296

ABSTRACT

A linfangiomatose, doença rara e de origem controversa, ocorre em indivíduos de todas as faixas etárias, predominando entre os mais jovens, sem predileção por sexo. Comumente cursa com envolvimento torácico, porém órgãos como ossos, baço e fígado podem ser acometidos. Histologicamente, o envolvimento pulmonar cursa com proliferação, anastomoses complexas e dilatação secundária do sistema linfático. Clinicamente, a apresentação é variável. Os achados radiográficos podem ser sugestivos e o diagnóstico é definido pela histologia. Relatamos dois casos da doença; uma das pacientes era oligossintomática e encontra-se em tratamento; na outra, a doença foi mais agressiva e o diagnóstico muito tardio, culminando em óbito.


Lymphangiomatosis, a rare diseases of controversial origin, occurs in individuals of any age, regardless of gender, but is predominantly seen in younger individuals. It often presents with thoracic involvement, although, the bones, spleen and liver can also be affected. Histologically, the pulmonar involvement includes proliferation, complex anastomoses and secondary dilatation of the lymphatic vessels. Clinically, the presentation is variable. Although radiographic findings can be suggestive of the disease, the final diagnosis is made histologically. We report two cases of lymphangiomatosis, both in females: one was oligosymptomatic and is being treated for the disease; the other had a more progressive form, was diagnosed quite late and ultimately died of the disease.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/diagnosis , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Diagnostic Imaging , Fatal Outcome , Immunohistochemistry , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/pathology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis , Lymphatic System/pathology , Pleural Effusion
11.
Arch. argent. dermatol ; 55(2): 59-62, mar.-abr. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-410870

ABSTRACT

Presentamos una paciente de 45 años, con lesiones cutaneas características de esclerosis tuberosa: maculas hipopigmentadas en el tronco, angiofibromas solitarios en la cara, un angiofibroma en placa en la frente y un nevo conectivo en la espalda. También presenta compromiso neurológico: epilepsia, calcificaciones periventriculares y nódulos subependimarios sin déficit cognitivo, compromiso pulmonar: linfangiomiomatosis, alteraciones oftalmológicas: hamartomas retinianos, y manifestaciones renales: angiomiolipomas y quistes renales múltiples. Destacamos el importante compromiso multisistémico de este caso y la rareza de la linfangiomiomatosis, motivo por el cual el pronóstico de la enfermedad empeora. A pesar de ello, y en contra de lo esperado, la paciente sobrevive hasta los 45 años y finalmente fallece por complicaciones propias de su patología de base


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Female , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/diagnosis , Tuberous Sclerosis , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/complications , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Tuberous Sclerosis
12.
Pulmäo RJ ; 13(1): 49-53, jan.-mar. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-401689

ABSTRACT

Linfangioleiomiomatose (LAM) é uma doença rara, de etiologia desconhecida e que ocorre quase exclusivamente em mulheres em idade fértil. Os achados patológicos cardinais são a proliferação não-neoplásica de células imaturas de músculo liso e a formação de cistos pulmonares de paredes finas. Os autores descrevem um caso de LAM pulmonar e pneumotórax espontâneo bilateral em paciente com infecção pelo HIV


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , HIV Infections/complications , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/complications , Pneumothorax/complications , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/pathology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Medroxyprogesterone , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use
13.
West Indian med. j ; 52(3): 250-252, Sept. 2003.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-410710

ABSTRACT

A case of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (PLAM) occurring in a 48-year-old Jamaican female is presented. The clinical, radiological, and pathological findings are typical of this rare condition, and serve to emphasize the need for a high index of suspicion in order to make the diagnosis and commence therapy early in the course of the disease. The outlook for patients with PLAM continues to be poor


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/pathology
14.
Rev. colomb. neumol ; 8(4): 212-5, nov. 1996. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-190578

ABSTRACT

La linfangioleiomiomatosis es una enfermedad rara con menos de 250 casos reportados en la literatura universal, que ocurre únicamente en mujeres, usualmente en edad reproductiva y que se caracteriza por la proliferación de células de musculo liso en tejido pulmonar y en los vasos linfáticos. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 29 años, con disnea progresiva, tos con escasa espectoración y neumotórax espontáneo bilateral. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante biopsia pulmonar a cielo abierto, donde se encontró proliferación de haces de músculo liso los cuales se disponían preferentemente alrededor de las estructuras vasculares,bronquiales y septo alveolares. Comentamos los principales hallazgos clínicos, radiológicos e histopatológicos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/classification , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/complications , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/diagnosis , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/epidemiology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/etiology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/physiopathology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/pathology , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/drug therapy , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/therapy , Lymphangiomyoma , Lymphangiomyoma/classification , Lymphangiomyoma/complications , Lymphangiomyoma/diagnosis , Lymphangiomyoma/drug therapy , Lymphangiomyoma/epidemiology , Lymphangiomyoma/etiology , Lymphangiomyoma/pathology , Lymphangiomyoma/physiopathology , Lymphangiomyoma/therapy , Lung Neoplasms , Lung Neoplasms/classification , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Lung Neoplasms/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/physiopathology , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/therapy
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